Under conditions of iron deficiency in the duodenum, although the increased IRE-binding activity of the IRPs would tend to decrease HIF2α translation, the stabilizing effect of low PHD activity may predominate, leading to a net increase in HIF2α and a consequent up-regulation of DCYTB and DMT1 [140] (Figure 2A). Here, EPAS1 is linked to Iron deficiency anemia.