In our previous research we have found that the level of fibulin-1 is elevated in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma compared to people without asthma, and serum and tissue fibulin-1 levels are increased in the patients with IPF compared to those without lung diseases17, 24. The gene discussed is FBLN1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.