NFKB1 and neurodegenerative disease: Next to the NFκB pathway, complex I can initiate, by binding and activation of distinct MAP kinase kinases (MKK), the activation of p38 MAP kinase and JNK, two important pathways which are associated with the induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction (Figure 3) and the development of neurodegenerative diseases [104, 127, 128].