The KCa3.1 channel modulates the activity of several structural and inflammatory cells [26-28], but more specifically, KCa3.1 blockade inhibits several TGFβ1-dependent cell processes in primary human lung myofibroblasts (HLMFs) derived from both non-fibrotic and IPF lung tissue [29]. The gene discussed is KCNN4; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.