Pilot study data from our laboratory (Kruger et al. 2010a; Kruger et al. 2010b) revealed that in a free-living population (N = 116) of 18 to 44 year old NZ European women, 21.4% had a “hidden fat” profile and subsequent increased metabolic disease risk (identified through elevated fasting plasma leptin and insulin concentrations) and higher levels of sedentary lifestyle parameters. This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic disease.