Pilot study data from our laboratory (Kruger et al. 2010a; Kruger et al. 2010b) revealed that in a free-living population (N = 116) of 18 to 44 year old NZ European women, 21.4% had a “hidden fat” profile and subsequent increased metabolic disease risk (identified through elevated fasting plasma leptin and insulin concentrations) and higher levels of sedentary lifestyle parameters. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is metabolic disease.