STAT3 and lung carcinoma: To demonstrate the critical role of the TNF-α/NF-κB/cyclinD1 and IL-6/STAT3/cyclinD1 pathways in the malignant transformation of 16HBE cells, we first detected the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, STAT3, and cyclinD1 in lung cancer tissues.