JUN and chondrosarcoma: Taken together, fluid shear stress induces the accumulation of cAMP- and IL-1β, which in turn activate PI3-K-, ERK1/2-, p38-dependent signaling pathways leading to MMP-7 induction via transactivation of NF-κB and c-Jun in human chondrosarcoma cells (Fig. 7); shear-induced MMP-7 promotes chondrosarcoma cell motility and invasion in vitro and in vivo.