In 2004, somatic mutations were reported to exist in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tumors of a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who responded dramatically to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) [2, 3]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.