Recent studies in a cardiac ischemia model showed that mesenchymal stem cells, which protect ischemic cardiomyocytes by secretion of paracrine factors, secreted exosomes enriched with miR-22 following IPC, and uptake of these exosomes by cardiomyocytes reduced ischemia-induced apoptosis via direct targeting of MeCP2 (86). The gene discussed is MECP2; the disease is myocardial ischemia.