SERPINF1 and age-related macular degeneration: PEDF was considered as a disease gene for AMD because (1) the PEDF protein is one of the most effective endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis and neovascularization28, 55; (2) decreased PEDF level was found in the vitreous of AMD patients than controls, suggesting that the deficiency of PEDF in the eye could play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD18; (3) intravitreal injection of PEDF-expressing adenoviral vector reduced CNV size in AMD37; and (4) there were studies reporting significant association of PEDF SNPs with AMD and/or PCV.