In contrast to the levels of saturated free fatty acids (which might induce hepatocyte degeneration via JNK-mediated mitochondrial injury), that often do not differ between NASH and “non-NASH” phenotypes, the levels of biologically reactive free cholesterol (FC) are almost always high in NASH compared to benign steatosis [49–52]. The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.