Compared to the normal group, TGF-β expression increased in the POAG (2.03-fold) and CACG (2.25-fold) groups versus the controls; the difference between the POAG and CACG groups was not statistically significant (POAG vs. controls, P = 0.007; CACG vs. controls, P = 0.001; POAG vs. CACG, P = 0.549). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is open-angle glaucoma.