TNF and Parkinson disease: However, in mice models of Parkinson's disease, LRRK2 can promote the expression of inflammatory factors in microglia through TLR4 signal pathway, thereby playing a role in proinflammation [32, 33]. LRP1, SerpinB2, SMAD4, and MARCKS all can inhibit inflammatory gene transcription and expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, etc.), of which LRP1, SerpinB2, and SMAD4 also inhibit NF-κB and p38 MAPK signal pathways which are mediated by TNF-α or TLR4, thereby indirectly inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and playing a role in suppressing inflammation [27, 34–37].