TNF and neoplasm: Therefore, one way to potentiate electrochemotherapy effectiveness is adjuvant immunotherapy using different cytokines, such as interleukin 2 and 12, granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor, and TNF-α.26–30 All these studies have provided evidence that electrochemotherapy with bleomycin can be potentiated with adjuvant immunotherapy, demonstrating increased tumour growth delay as well as tumour curability.