SIM1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: These genes include a number of well-studied obesity genes such as LEP, POMC, PPARG, and CNR1, as well as previous obesity GWAS candidates with unclear roles in obesity etiology, such as SIM1, IRX3, and SLC6A11. Furthermore, four genes identified in GWAS for childhood obesity, such as SDCCAG8, TNKS/MSRA, OLFM4, and HOXB5, were found to be epigenetically age-associated as well.