UBE4B and hepatocellular carcinoma: It was further observed that the gene locus of UBE4B (1p36.22) is a susceptible candidate locus for hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), forming a possible link between UBE4B/UFD2 and cancer development and tumor suppression (Zhang et al., 2010; Wu and Leng, 2011; Wu et al., 2011b).