PDC and primary biliary cholangitis: Studies have shown that in PBC patients, PDC-E2, OGDC-E2 and BCOADC-E2 remain antigenically active within Abs of the apoptotic BECs and this was largely due to the defect in the clearance of antigenic proteins in BECs, whereas other cells without an altered expression level of autoantigens do not retain the autoantigen epitopes that can be recognized by the AMA in PBC patients [18,19].