Compared with the chemotherapy group, EGFR-TKI therapy group in EGFR mutation-selected NSCLC patients showed a higher response rate (RR=2.31; 95%CI: 1.88-2.84) and more significant improvement in progression free survival (PFS; HR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.30-0.49); by contrast, no significant difference was observed in overall survival (OS; HR=0.99; 95%CI: 0.84-1.16). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.