The risk of microcephaly was increased in newborns with hyperEPO+ISSI (ISSI defined by CRP, SAA, MPO, IL-6, TNF-α, TNF-R2, IL-8, MCP-1, ICAM-1, E-SEL, red), often more prominently than for ISSI alone. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and microcephaly.