The main risk factors (P <0.05) were age (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.04–1.07), admission NIHSS score (OR 2.87, 95%CI 2.68–3.63), admission GCS score (OR 4.21, 95%CI 3.57–5.09), dysphagia (OR 2.18, 95%CI 1.23–3.86), dysarthria (OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.31–2.14), hemoglobin concentration (OR 2.31, 95%CI 1.11–4.84), serum AST (OR 1.68, 95%CI 1.01–2.80), serum albumin (OR 2.15, 95%CI 1.19–3.90), serum sodium (OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.10–3.36), and admission glucose level (OR 1.14, 95%CI 1.06–1.21). This evidence concerns the gene ALB and Dysarthria.