TNFAIP3 and systemic lupus erythematosus: TNIP1 (TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1) has also been associated with SLE in multiple studies, and in conjunction with their studies of TNFAIP3, Adrianto and colleagues [27] performed a similar targeted sequencing study of TNIP1. Targeted resequencing data resulted in 30 novel variants that were then imputed back into a large, ethnically diverse case–control study, and conditional analysis was used to identify two independent risk haplotypes within TNIP1 that decrease expression of TNIP1 mRNA and ABIN1 protein.