Based on previously published data, astrocytoma-associated antigens (AAAs), such as Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 (IL13Rα2), Fos-Related Antigen 1 (Fra-1), and EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase (EphA2) were selected. The gene discussed is FOSL1; the disease is astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).