In addition, A2780- and primary human ovarian cancer-derived NCSLCs co-cultured with CSLCs consistently showed a significant reduction in expression of epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin and β-catenin; whereas the expression of mesenchymal markers, such as vimentin, snail, and MMP-9, were significantly increased, compared with NCSLCs cultured alone (p<0.05, Fig. 5C-F). This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and ovarian carcinoma.