We therefore hypothesised that CASR variants may be determinants for arterial medial and intimal calcification, and calcification risk factors that include serum calcium, glucose and phosphate concentrations, in high risk patient groups such as RTRs, and selected six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (3 non-synonymous coding region SNPs and 3 promoter region SNPs) (Fig. 1), five of which have been previously associated with indices of mineral metabolism and/or cardiovascular disease [18–22]. Here, CASR is linked to cardiovascular disorder.