Renal cells (endothelial, epithelial, mesangial, and tubular cells) are also capable of synthesizing proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, and, therefore, these cytokines, acting in a paracrine or autocrine manner, may induce a variety of effects on different renal structures [51, 74, 75] playing a significant role in the development and progression of several renal disorders [51]. Here, TNF is linked to kidney disorder.