In the present study, variations in the levels of plasma markers, including cortisol, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were investigated to determine whether these markers are potential predictive factors for the development of POCD in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis following surgery. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.