TGFBR1 and neoplasm: The VEGFR-1 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1), TGFBR-1 (Tumor Growth Factor β Receptor-1), TNF-R1 (Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1) pathways have been reported to regulate tumor angiogenesis [36,37], but their activities have not been examined in human TEM.