EIF4E and autism: Notably, administration of the mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) inhibitor rapamycin improved sociability in the BTBR mouse model of ASDs (Burket et al., 2014); targeting downstream mTOR signaling such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) also reversed autism (Gkogkas et al., 2013; Wang and Doering, 2013).