APP and Alzheimer disease: The therapeutic activities of the autophagic inducer rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, have been demonstrated using transgenic mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD mice expressing mutant APP,36, 38 AD mice expressing tau,37 HD mice expressing mHTT,214 PD mice expressing mutant α-synuclein33 and prion disease mice expressing PrPSc.