It has previously been proposed that alterations in inhibitory circuits potentially driven by deficits in BDNF/TrkB signaling could underlie the etiology of schizophrenia (Lewis et al., 1999, 2005, 2011; Chen et al., 2006; Gonzalez-Burgos et al., 2008; Gogolla et al., 2009). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is schizophrenia.