Inasmuch as blocking TGF-β signaling suppresses tumor angiogenesis in immune-deficient orthotopic models using human PCCs [37], we next evaluated the consequences of TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI) kinase inhibition with SB505124 on angiogenesis in a syngeneic KRC orthotopic model. Here, TGFBR1 is linked to neoplasm.