For the tumor sphere assays, eye tumors from recovered VE and non-VE animals were dissociated into single cells, and the CD34− tumor cell population, containing the TAM-responsive TIC fraction [22], was enriched by flow cytometric removal of PDGFRα+ fibroblasts, CD31+ endothelial cells and CD45+ immune cells. The gene discussed is PECAM1; the disease is eye neoplasm.