PPARGC1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: The present study showed the following findings: (I) GP extracts and its active fraction HH-F3 suppress 8-Br-cAMP/Dex-induced gluconeogenic enzyme gene expression; (II) HH-F3 inhibits the expression of 8-Br-cAMP/Dex-induced gluconeogenic coactivator PGC-1α and transcription factors FOXO1 and HNF4α; (III) HH-F3 inhibits HBV core promoter activation, HBV gene expression, and HBV DNA replication in Hep3B/T2 and 1.3ES2, which are HBV-containing cell lines; and (IV) HH-F3 treatment decreases fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation in HCC cells.