Cell scratch and transwell migration assays showed that the decreased migration capacity of SLE BMSCs induced by both low (50 μg/L) or high concentration (100 μg/L) of TNF-α was all restored by TPCA-1 (Figure 5(b)), indicating that TNF-α induced impaired migration of SLE BMSCs could be mediated at least partially through the upregulation of p-IKK-β. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and systemic lupus erythematosus.