These results showed that the expression levels of the VEGF transcript were significantly reduced in groups treated with 1 nmol/l ATRA (67.40%), 10 nmol/l ATRA (61.79%) and 100 nmol/l ATRA (28.04%) compared with those of the BC group (71.61%; P=0.028, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) (Fig 6A). Here, VEGFA is linked to breast cancer.