VEGFA and breast cancer: The VEGF protein concentration in the supernatant of the groups treated with 1 nmol/l ATRA (2312.67±7.64 pmol/l), 10 nmol/l ATRA (1841.67±21.55 pmol/l) and 100 nmol/l ATRA (1120.33±14.01 pmol/l) were all significantly reduced compared with that of the BC group (2343.67±7.51 pmol/l; P=0.022, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) (Fig. 6B).