TGFB1 and cancer: Fridlender et al. have demonstrated that TGF-β drives neutrophils to acquire a pro-tumorigenic N2-phenotype, whereas its inhibition enhances the emergence of an anti-tumorigenic N1-phenotype, characterized by cytotoxic activity on cancer cells and an immunostimulatory profile (i.e., high levels of TNF-α, CCL3, and ICAM-1) (58).