After being fed a cholesterol-rich diet, the mice showed a reduction in aortic atherosclerosis of almost 55%: Lesion size, number of macrophages/foam cells, and lipid content in aortic plaques, as well as circulating inflammatory molecules, were all markedly reduced compared with ApoE−/− and MyD88+/+ mice. The gene discussed is MYD88; the disease is aortic atherosclerosis.