Recent reports using vectors driven by humanized hepatocyte-specific promoters (such as the apolipoprotein locus control region and the human α1-antitrypsin promoter—encoding the apolipoprotein locus control region and the human α1-antitrypsin—or the albumin promoter) have successfully achieved sustained transgene expression in the liver in vivo (48), opening the way to gene therapy applications for liver disease. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and liver disorder.