To investigate whether several known gene mutation might affect the OS of elderly AML patients under D-CAG treatment, we further analyzed the OS of D-CAG treated elderly AML patients by gene mutation, such as: Internal tandem duplications (ITDs) of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene (FLT3), nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutation and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPα) mutation [15]. Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.