MAPK14 and cardiovascular disorder: Recently, many studies have established that the concentration of isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO) used for the activation of p38 is far below the one for cardiovascular disease.[21] Here, we administrated 10 nM ISO (only sufficient for the activation p38 protein) together with dasatinib in hepatocyte cells and found that ISO down-regulated dasatinib-induced primary cultured rat hepatocyte death by enhancing autophagy (Fig. 7A).