Finally, it is remarkable that PPR3 (this study) and CSR3 [24] suppress antiviral RNAi autonomously, in the absence of PPIV or SPCSV infection, respectively, which excludes a role for other viral proteins, or perturbation of cellular homeostasis caused by virus infection, in the observed interference with RNAi. The gene discussed is NECTIN3; the disease is viral infectious disease.