TPR and infection: Next, we challenged Nup153 and Tpr-depleted cells with HIV-1ΔEnv pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) expressing the luciferase (Luc; HIV-1-Luc) or RFP (HIV-1-RFP) measured 48 h post infection (p.i.)by luminescence assay or flow cytometry (Figs 1d and 2b).