A pooled data analysis of seventeen prospective studies from twelve countries by the Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group showed a clear association between circulating IGF-1 and BrCa risk in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) tumors independent of IGFBP3 and menopausal status [20]. This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP3 and invasive breast carcinoma.