Similarly, loss of action via LHA Nts-LepRb neurons decreases locomotor activity and energy expenditure in mice that promotes obesity (Leinninger et al., 2011), and some portion of these effects are likely mediated via regulation of OX neurons (Leinninger et al., 2011; Opland et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene HCRT and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.