GALR2 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: [4,5,15] The methylation of the gene pair of galanin and GALR1 in the primary tumor was associated with the most significant odds ratio of recurrence, [15] while another study concluded that GALR1 induces cell cycle arrest, and GALR2 induces both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HNSCC following galanin treatment.