Most noticeable are the frameshift deletion in LOXL3 which is also hit by both LOH in all samples, and the nonsynonymous mutations in ARID1B (6q25.3) and PAPPA (9q33.1), which are affected by LOH in all tumor stages but exclusively hit by point mutations in the asynchronous metastasis, suggesting that these genes might be involved in metastatic progression. The gene discussed is PAPPA; the disease is neoplasm.