The HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends that all patients with HIVAN should receive ART; where renal function does not improve, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and/or prednisone (dose of 1 mg/kg/day; maximum dose 80 mg/day for 2 months, with tapering over 2 – 4 months) may be added [20]. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and HIV-associated nephropathy.