Of the PDE4B spliced variants, PDE4B2 is the only form to exhibit elevated expression around blood vessels and parenchyma, within infiltrating T cells and macrophages/microglia, following the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE; [64]) and was increased in EOC2 microglia upon stimulation with TNF-α or IL-1β [21]. Here, TNF is linked to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.