INS and Impaired glucose tolerance: The relative risk for the glucose tolerance impairment (diabetes and pre-diabetes) was 2.78 (95% CI: 1.31-5.88, P = 0.07).Six and a half percent of the Alpha-thalassemia group and 2.5% in the control group had 2.25 ≤ HOMAIR ≤ 3.59 (an intermediate state of Insulin sensitivity) p = 0.443.