CCL4 and infection: At times early following infection, multiple transcripts encoding proinflammatory molecules were increased, including IL8 (8196-fold), IL1B (1559-fold), oncostatin M (OSM, 799-fold), CCR1 (588-fold), CXCR1 (625-fold), CXCR2 (596-fold), CCL4 (514-fold), and CCL3 (658-fold) (S2 Table).